Effects Of Exposure To Violent Media
a Systematic Review Of The Literature (2012-2022)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31060/rbsp.2024.v18.n2.1879Keywords:
Violence, Media, ExposureAbstract
The article systematically analyzes the empirical literature on media and violence over the last ten years. As part of a larger report, the text focuses on 35 articles that have analyzed the effects of exposure to violent content. Despite varying levels of robustness, this literature demonstrates that exposure to violent content has a number of deleterious and long-lasting effects, especially among young people. These include aggressive behavior, mental disorders, brain changes, worsened sleep and eating habits and altered perceptions. The text also seeks to document which policies and protective factors can be used to mitigate these negative externalities. The findings suggest that children's exposure to media violence has several detrimental effects, including violent and aggressive behavior, post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression, among others.
Downloads
References
ALIA-KLEIN, Nelly; WANG, Gene-Jack; PRESTON-CAMPBELL, Rebecca; MOELLER, Scott; PARVAZ, Muhammad; ZHU, Wei; JAYNE, Millard; WONG, Chris; TOMASI, Dardo; GOLDSTEIN, Rita; FOWLER, Joanna; VOLKOW, Nora. Reactions to media violence: It’s in the brain of the beholder. PLoS ONE, v. 9, n. 9, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107260
BUSHMAN, Brad. Violent media and hostile appraisals: a meta-analytic review. Aggressive Behavior, vol. 42, n. 6, p. 605-613, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21655
CHRISTAKIS, Dimitri; GARRISON, Michelle; HERRENKOHL, Todd; HAGGERTY, Kevin; RIVARA, Frederick; ZHOU, Chuan; LIEKWEG, Kimberly. Modifying media content for preschool children: a randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics, v. 131, n. 3, p. 431-438, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-1493
COKER, Tumaini; ELLIOTT, Marc; SCHWEBEL, David; WINDLE, Michael; TOOMEY, Sara; TORTOLERO, Susan; HERTZ, Marci; PESKIN, Melissa; SCHUSTER, Mark. Media violence exposure and physical aggression in fifth-grade children. Academic Pediatrics, v. 15, n. 1, p. 82-88, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2014.09.008
CONTRERAS, Lourdes; CANO, María del Carmen. Violencia filio-parental: el papel de la exposición a la violencia y su relación con el procesamiento sociocognitivo. The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, v. 8, n. 2, p. 43-50, 2016.
EISNER, Manuel; AVERDIJK, Margit; KAISER, Daniela; MURRAY, Aja; NIVETTE, Amy; SHANAHAN, Lilly; VAN GELDER, Jean-Louis; RIBEAUD, Denis. The association of polyvictimization with violent ideations in late adolescence and early adulthood: a longitudinal study. Aggressive Behavior, v. 47, n. 4, p. 472-482, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21965
FITZPATRICK, Caroline; BARNETT, Tracie; PAGANI, Linda. Early exposure to media violence and later child adjustment. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, v. 33, n. 4, p. 291-297, maio 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0b013e31824eaab3
GALVÃO, Maria Cristiane Barbosa; RICARTE, Ivan Luiz Marques. Revisão sistemática da literatura: conceituação, produção e publicação. Logeion: Filosofia da Informação, Rio de Janeiro, v. 6, n. 1, p. 57-73, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21728/logeion.2019v6n1.p57-73
GARRISON, M.; LIEKWEG, K.; CHRISTAKIS, DA Uso da mídia e sono infantil: o impacto do conteúdo, do momento e do ambiente. Pediatrics, v. 128, n. 1, pág. 29–35, 2011.
GARRISON, Michelle; CHRISTAKIS, Dimitri. The impact of a healthy media use intervention on sleep in preschool children. Pediatrics, v. 130, n. 3, p. 492-499, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-3153
GENTILE, Douglas; BERCH, Olivia; CHOO, Hyekyung; KHOO, Angeline; WALSH, David. Bedroom media: one risk factor for development. Developmental Psychology, v. 53, n. 12, p. 2340-2355, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000399
GENTILE, Douglas; REIMER, Rachel; NATHANSON, Amy; WALSH, David; EISENMANN, Joey. Protective effects of parental monitoring of children’s media use a prospective study. JAMA Pediatrics, v. 168, n. 5, p. 479-484, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.146
GVIRSMAN, Shira Dvir; HUESMANN, L. Rowell; DUBOW, Eric; LANDAU, Simha; SHIKAKI, Khalil; BOXER, Paul. The effects of mediated exposure to ethnic-political violence on middle east youth’s subsequent post-traumatic stress symptoms and aggressive behavior. Communication Research, v. 41, n. 7, p. 961-990, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650213510941
HENNEFIELD, Laura; WHALEN, Diana; WOOD, Grace; CHAVARRIA, Mary; LUBY, Joan. Changing conceptions of death as a function of depression status, suicidal ideation, and media exposure in early childhood. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, v. 58, n. 3, p. 339-349, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2018.07.909
HONG, Jun Sung; KRAL, Michael; ESPELAGE, Dorothy; ALLEN-MEARES, Paula. The social ecology of adolescent-initiated parent abuse: a review of the literature. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, v. 43, n. 3, p. 431-454, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-011-0273-y
HUMMER, Tom; KRONENBERGER, William; WANG, Yang; ANDERSON, Caitlin; MATHEWS, Vincent. Association of television violence exposure with executive functioning and white matter volume in young adult males. Brain and Cognition, v. 88, p. 26-34, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2014.04.010
JANSSEN, Ian; BOYCE, William; PICKETT, William. Screen time and physical violence in 10 to 16-year-old Canadian youth. International Journal of Public Health, v. 57, p. 325-331, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-010-0221-9
JUNG, Sun Jae; WINNING, Ashley; ROBERTS, Andrea; NISHIMI, Kristen; CHEN, Qixuan; GILSANZ, Paola; SUMNER, Jennifer; FERNANDEZ, Cristina; RIMM, Eric; KUBZANSKY, Laura; KOENEN, Karestan. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and television viewing patterns in the Nurses’ Health Study II: a longitudinal analysis. PloS One, v. 14, n. 3, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213441
KAYA, Fadime; BILGIN, Hulya; SINGER, Mark. Contributing factors to aggressive behaviors in high school students in Turkey. The Journal of School Nursing, v. 28, n. 1, p. 56-69, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1059840511418669
KELISHADI, Roya; QORBANI, Mostafa; MOTLAGH, Mohammad Esmaeil; HESHMAT, Ramin; ARDALAN, Gelayol; JARI, Mohsen. Relationship between leisure time screen activity and aggressive and violent behaviour in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study. Paediatrics and International Child Health, v. 35, n. 4, p. 305-311, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20469047.2015.1109221
KHURANA, Atika; BLEAKLEY, Amy; ELLITHORPE, Morgan; HENNESSY, Michael; JAMIESON, Patrick; WEITZ, Ilana. Sensation seeking and impulsivity can increase exposure to risky media and moderate its effects on adolescent risk behaviors. Prevention Science, v. 20, n. 5, p. 776-787, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-019-0984-z
KOUSHA, Maryam; TEHRANI, Shervin Mehdizadeh. Normative life events and PTSD in children: how easy stress can affect children's brain. Acta Medica Iranica, v. 51, n. 1, p. 47-51. 2013.
LULL, Robert; ÇETIN, Yakup; BUSHMAN, Brad. Violent and sexual media impair second-language memory during encoding and retrieval. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, v. 56, p. 172-178, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.10.001
MADAN, Anjana; MRUG, Sylvie; WRIGHT, Rex. The effects of media violence on anxiety in late adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, v. 43, p. 116-126, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-013-0017-3
MARTIN-HERZ, Susanne; HAGGERTY, Kevin; NEILANDS, Torsten; STERLING, Mona; CHRISTAKIS, Dimitri. Factors associated with trajectories of externalizing behavior in preschoolers. Academic Pediatrics, v. 22, n. 7, p. 1212-1220, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2021.12.027
MAZUREK, Micah; ENGELHARDT, Christopher; HILGARD, Joseph; SOHL, Kristin. Bedtime electronic media use and sleep in children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, v. 37, n. 7, p. 525-531, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000314
ORUE, Izaskun; CALVETE, Esther. La justificación de la violencia como mediador de la relación entre la exposición a la violencia y la conducta agresiva en infancia. Psicothema, Oviedo, v. 24, n. 1, p. 42-47, 2012.
PIONTAK, Joy Rayanne; RUSSELL, Michael; DANESE, Andrea; COPELAND, William; HOYLE, Rick; ODGERS, Candice. Violence exposure and adolescents’ same-day obesogenic behaviors: new findings and a replication. Social Science & Medicine, v. 189, p. 145-151, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.07.004
ROSTAD, Whitney; BASILE, Kathleen; CLAYTON, Heather. Association among television and computer/video game use, victimization, and suicide risk among U.S. High School students. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, v. 36, n. 5-6, p. 2282-2305, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518760020
RYDELL, Ann-Margret. Violent media exposure, aggression and CU traits in adolescence: testing the selection and socialization hypotheses. Journal of Adolescence, v. 52, n. 1, p. 95-102, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.07.009
SCHMIDT, Carissa; ZIMMERMAN, Marc; STODDARD, Sarah. A longitudinal analysis of the indirect effect of violence exposure on future orientation through perceived stress and the buffering effect of family participation. American Journal of Community Psychology, v. 62, n. 1-2, p. 62-74, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12254
STOCKDALE, Laura; MORRISON, Robert; KMIECIK, Matthew; GARBARINO, James; SILTON, Rebecca. Emotionally anesthetized: media violence induces neural changes during emotional face processing. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, v. 10, n. 10, p. 1373-1382, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsv025
SWING, Edward; ANDERSON, Craig. The role of attention problems and impulsiveness in media violence effects on aggression. Aggressive Behavior, v. 40, n. 3, p. 197-203, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21519
TARABAH, Asma; BADR, Lina Kurdahi; USTA, Jinan; DOYLE, John. Exposure to violence and children’s desensitization attitudes in Lebanon. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, v. 31, n. 18, p. 3017-3038, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515584337
YBARRA, Michele; MITCHELL, Kimberly; OPPENHEIM, Jay Koby. Violent media in childhood and seriously violent behavior in adolescence and young adulthood. Journal of Adolescent Health, v. 71, n. 3, p. 285-292, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.03.003
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Brasileira de Segurança Pública
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensing
The Brazilian Journal of Public Security uses the Creative Commons License as a form of licensing for its published works. The license used follows the CC BY 4.0 - Attribution 4.0 International model.
To see the permitted rights please go to the full licence or to our Copyright and Licensing page.