A Abordagem Cognitiva Para Interrogatórios

Buscando Informações ao Invés de Confissões

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31060/rbsp.2024.v18.n1.1710

Palavras-chave:

Interrogatório policial, Abordagem acusatória, Coleta de informações, Rapport, Falsas confissões

Resumo

O interrogatório é um procedimento rotineiramente utilizado na investigação policial. Entretanto, há uma lacuna científica sobre técnicas de interrogatório baseadas em evidências utilizadas no Brasil. Esta revisão narrativa reúne bibliografia referente ao uso de técnicas de interrogatório e respectivos resultados práticos de sua eficácia. Primeiro, analisamos a abordagem acusatória, método que utiliza a indução de estresse no suspeito, com o objetivo de analisar supostos indicadores de mentira e obter uma confissão. Estudos da Psicologia Cognitiva demonstram que esta abordagem reúne informações pouco confiáveis e pode gerar falsas confissões. Como alternativa, propõe-se a abordagem com foco na coleta de informações, que visa uma cooperação com o suspeito e busca incentivá-lo a falar sem a utilização de coerção. Ao final, explicamos como a Psicologia Cognitiva tem auxiliado a tornar as práticas de interrogatórios mais eficazes em outros países, sugerindo possíveis caminhos para o Brasil.

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Biografia do Autor

Henrique Britto de Melo, Universidade de Pernambuco

Instrutor de Criminalística e Técnicas de Entrevista credenciado pela Polícia Federal. Membro da Criminal Investigation Research Network (CIRN - University of South Wales). Secretário da Comissão de Neurocriminologia na Academia Brasileira de Ciências Criminais (ABCCRIM). Mestrando em Perícias Forenses (UPE). Especialista em Ciências Criminais (PUC Minas). Graduado em Investigação Forense e Perícia Criminal (UNESA).

Júlia Pagnussat, Faculdade Meridional

Graduanda no curso de Psicologia pela Atitus Educação. Participa no desenvolvimento de pesquisas e produções acadêmicas na área da Psicologia do Testemunho. Auxiliar de pesquisa e ex-bolsista de iniciação científica no Laboratório de Ensino e Pesquisa em Cognição e Justiça (CogJus), vinculado à Atitus Educação.

William Weber Cecconello, Faculdade Meridional

Doutor em Psicologia com ênfase em Cognição Humana pela PUCRS e na University of Portsmouth. É Professor de Psicologia na Atitus e Coordenador do CogJus, focado em conectar pesquisa científica com a prática jurídica. Desenvolve treinamentos em Psicologia do Testemunho para instituições nacionais e internacionais e atua como Psicólogo Jurídico, especializado em memória de vítimas e testemunhas e interrogatório de suspeitos.

Gabriela Cristina Favero, Faculdade Meridional

Psicóloga, graduada em Psicologia pela Atitus Educação. Atua na área clínica como Psicoterapeuta e de Psicologia Jurídica, como Assistente de Perícias na Vida Mental Serviços Médicos e Perícias.

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Publicado

01-02-2024

Como Citar

BRITTO DE MELO, Henrique; PAGNUSSAT, Júlia; CECCONELLO, William Weber; FAVERO, Gabriela Cristina. A Abordagem Cognitiva Para Interrogatórios: Buscando Informações ao Invés de Confissões. Revista Brasileira de Segurança Pública, [S. l.], v. 18, n. 1, p. 14–29, 2024. DOI: 10.31060/rbsp.2024.v18.n1.1710. Disponível em: https://revista.forumseguranca.org.br/rbsp/article/view/1710. Acesso em: 1 nov. 2024.