A Abordagem Cognitiva Para Interrogatórios
Buscando Informações ao Invés de Confissões
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31060/rbsp.2024.v18.n1.1710Palavras-chave:
Interrogatório policial, Abordagem acusatória, Coleta de informações, Rapport, Falsas confissõesResumo
O interrogatório é um procedimento rotineiramente utilizado na investigação policial. Entretanto, há uma lacuna científica sobre técnicas de interrogatório baseadas em evidências utilizadas no Brasil. Esta revisão narrativa reúne bibliografia referente ao uso de técnicas de interrogatório e respectivos resultados práticos de sua eficácia. Primeiro, analisamos a abordagem acusatória, método que utiliza a indução de estresse no suspeito, com o objetivo de analisar supostos indicadores de mentira e obter uma confissão. Estudos da Psicologia Cognitiva demonstram que esta abordagem reúne informações pouco confiáveis e pode gerar falsas confissões. Como alternativa, propõe-se a abordagem com foco na coleta de informações, que visa uma cooperação com o suspeito e busca incentivá-lo a falar sem a utilização de coerção. Ao final, explicamos como a Psicologia Cognitiva tem auxiliado a tornar as práticas de interrogatórios mais eficazes em outros países, sugerindo possíveis caminhos para o Brasil.
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